l-carnitine tmao nature medicine 2013 koeth Unraveling the Formation Mechanisms of Trimethylamine N-Oxide and Its Inhibition by Food Ingredients: Toward Cardioprotective Food Development JCI - l-Carnitine in omnivorous
JCI l Carnitine in omnivorous diets induces an atherogenic gut microbial pathway in humans Gut Derived Metabolite, Trimethylamine N oxide (TMAO) in Cardio Metabolic Diseases: Detection, Mechanism, and Potential Therapeutics Butyrobetaine is a pro atherogenic intermediate in gut microbial metabolism of L carnitine to TMAO PMC A systematic review of TMAO, microRNAs, and the oral gut microbiomes in atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction: mechanistic insights and translational opportunities Journal of Translational Medicine Springer Nature Link Intestinal microbiota metabolism of L carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis PMC Comparison of short term and long term effects of peroral L carnitine intake: clinical implications of elevated TMAO levels in cardiovascular complications
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